What changed, Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition…

+ **Rules of jurisdiction referred to in Article 3(2) and Article 4(2)**
− Rules of jurisdiction referred to in Article 3(2) and Article 4(2)
+ — in Belgium: Articles 5 through 14 of the Law of 16 July 2004 on private international law,
− The rules of jurisdiction referred to in Article 3(2) and Article 4(2) are the following:
+ — in Bulgaria: Article 4(1)(2) of the International Private Law Code,
− — in Belgium: Article 15 of the Civil Code (*Code civil*/*Burgerlijk Wetboek*) and Article 638 of the Judicial Code (*Code judiciaire*/*Gerechtelijk Wetboek*);
− 
− — in Bulgaria: Article 4(1), of the International Private Law Code,
+ — in Germany: Article 23 of the code of civil procedure (*Zivilprozeßordnung*),
− — in Germany: Article 23 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Zivilprozessordnung*),
+ — in Estonia: Article 86 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*tsiviilkohtumenetluse seadustik*),
− — in Estonia: Article 139, paragraph 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*tsiviilkohtumenetluse seadustik*),
+ — in Greece: Article 40 of the code of civil procedure (*Κώδικας Πολιτικής Δικονομίας*),
− — in Greece, Article 40 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Κώδικας Πολιτικής Δικονομίας*);
+ — in France: Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (*Code civil*),
− — in France: Articles 14 and 15 of the Civil Code (*Code civil*),
+ — in Italy: Articles 3 and 4 law 218 of 31 May 1995,
− — in Italy: Articles 3 and 4 of Act 218 of 31 May 1995,
+ — in Luxembourg: Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (*Code civil*),
− — in Luxembourg: Articles 14 and 15 of the Civil Code (*Code civil*),
+ — in Hungary: Article 57 of Law Decree No 13 of 1979 on International Private Law (*a nemzetközi magánjogról szóló 1979. évi 13. törvényerejű rendelet*),
− — in Hungary: Article 57 of Law Decree No. 13 of 1979 on International Private Law (*a nemzetközi magánjogról szóló 1979. évi 13. törvényerejű rendelet*),
+ — in Malta: Articles 742, 743 and 744 of the Code of Organisation and Civil Procedure – Cap. 12 (*Kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili – Kap. 12*) and Article 549 of the Commercial Code – Cap. 13 (*Kodiċi tal-kummerċ – Kap. 13*),
− — in Malta: Articles 742, 743 and 744 of the Code of Organisation and Civil Procedure - Cap. 12 (*Kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili - Kap. 12*) and Article 549 of the Commercial Code - Cap. 13 (*Kodiċi tal-kummerċ - Kap. 13*),
+ — in Austria: Article 99 of the Law on court Jurisdiction (*Jurisdiktionsnorm*),
− — in Austria: Article 99 of the Court Jurisdiction Act (*Jurisdiktionsnorm*),
+ — in Poland: Articles 1103 and 1110 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Kodeks postępowania cywilnego*), in so far as they establish jurisdiction on the basis of the defendant’s residence in Poland, the possession by the defendant of property in Poland or his entitlement to property rights in Poland, t…
− — in Poland: Articles 1103 and 1110 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Kodeks postępowania cywilnego*),
+ — in Portugal: Article 65 and Article 65A of the code of civil procedure (*Código de Processo Civil*) and Article 11 of the code of labour procedure (*Código de Processo de Trabalho*),
− — in Portugal: Articles 65 and 65A of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Código de Processo Civil*) and Article 11 of the Code of Labour Procedure (*Código de Processo de Trabalho*),
+ — in Romania: Articles 148-157 of Law No 105/1992 on Private International Law Relations,
− — in Romania: Articles 148-157 of Law No. 105/1992 on Private International Law Relations,
+ — in Slovenia: Article 48(2) of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (*Zakon o medarodnem zasebnem pravu in postopku*) in relation to Article 47(2) of Civil Procedure Act (*Zakon o pravdnem postopku*) and Article 58 of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (*Zakon o medarodnem z…
− — in Slovenia: Article 48(2) of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (*Zakon o medarodnem zasebnem pravu in postopku*) in relation to Article 47(2) of Civil Procedure Act (*Zakon o pravdnem postopku*) and Article 58(1) of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (*Zakon o medarodne…
+ — in Finland: the second, third and fourth sentences of the first paragraph of Section 1 of Chapter 10 of the Code of Judicial Procedure (*oikeudenkäymiskaari/rättegångsbalken*),
− — in Finland: the second, third and fourth sentences of the first paragraph of Section 1 of Chapter 10 of the Code of Judicial Procedure (*oikeudenkäymiskaari*/*rättegångsbalken*),
+ — in the United Kingdom: the rules which enable jurisdiction to be founded on:
− — in the United Kingdom: rules which enable jurisdiction to be founded on:
+ — in Bulgaria, the ‘*окръжния съд*’,
− — in Bulgaria, the ‘*Софийски градски съд*’,
+ — in Germany:
− — ►M1 in Germany:
+ (a) the presiding judge of a chamber of the ‘*Landgericht*’;
− (a) the presiding Judge of a chamber of the
+ (b) a notary in a procedure of declaration of enforceability of an authentic instrument,
− ‘*Landgericht*’;
+ — in Estonia, the ‘*maakohus*’ (county court),
− (b) a notary (‘…’) in a procedure of declaration of enforceability of an authentic instrument** ◄ **,
− 
− — in Estonia, the ‘*maakohus*’ or the ‘*linnakohus*’,
+ (a) the ‘*greffier en chef du tribunal de grande instance*’;
− (a) the ‘*greffier en chef du tribunal de grande instance*’,
+ — in Ireland, the ‘*High Court*’,
− — in Ireland, the High Court,
+ — in Italy, the ‘*corte d’appello*’,
− — in Italy, the ‘*Corte d'appello*’,
+ — in Luxembourg, the presiding judge of the ‘*tribunal d’arrondissement*’,
− — in Luxembourg, the presiding judge of the ‘*tribunal d'arrondissement*’,
+ — in Malta, the ‘*Prim Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili*’, or ‘*Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta Għawdex fil-ġurisdizzjoni superjuri tagħha*’, or, in the case of a maintenance judgment, the ‘*Reġistratur tal-Qorti*’, on transmission by the ‘*Ministru responsabbli għall-Ġustizzja*’,
− — in Malta, the ‘*Prim' Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili*’ or ‘*Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta' Għawdex fil-ġurisdizzjoni superjuri tagħha*’, or, in the case of a maintenance judgment, the ‘*Reġistratur tal-Qorti*’ on transmission by the ‘*Ministru responsabbli għall-Ġustizzja*’,
+ — in the Netherlands, the ‘*voorzieningenrechter van de rechtbank*’,
− — ►M1 in the Netherlands, the ‘*voorzieningenrechter van de rechtbank*’,** ◄ **
+ — in Poland, the ‘*sąd okręgowy*’,
− — in Poland, the ‘*Sąd Okręgowy*’,
+ — in Slovakia, ‘*okresný súd*’,
− — in Slovakia, the ‘*okresný súd*’,
+ — in Finland, the ‘*käräjäoikeus/tingsrätt*’,
− — in Finland, the ‘*käräjäoikeus*/*tingsrätt*’,
+ (a) in England and Wales, the ‘*High Court of Justice*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment to the ‘*Magistrates Court*’, on transmission by the Secretary of State;
− (a) in England and Wales, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrate's Court on transmission by the Secretary of State;
+ (b) in Scotland, the ‘*Court of Session*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment to the ‘*Sheriff Court*’ on transmission by the Secretary of State;
− (b) in Scotland, the Court of Session, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Sheriff Court on transmission by the Secretary of State;
+ (c) in Northern Ireland, the ‘*High Court of Justice*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment to the ‘*Magistrates Court*’ on transmission by the Secretary of State;
− (c) in Northern Ireland, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrate's Court on transmission by the Secretary of State;
+ (d) in Gibraltar, the ‘*Supreme Court of Gibraltar*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the ‘*Magistrates Court*’ on transmission by the Attorney General of Gibraltar.
− (d) in Gibraltar, the Supreme Court of Gibraltar, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrates' Court on transmission by the Attorney General of Gibraltar.
+ (a) as regards appeal by the defendant, the ‘*tribunal de première instance*’ or ‘*rechtbank van eerste aanleg*’ or ‘*erstinstanzliche Gericht*’;
− (a) as regards appeal by the defendant: the ‘*tribunal de première instance*’ or ‘*rechtbank van eerste aanleg*’ or ‘*erstinstanzliches Gericht*’,
+ (b) as regards appeal by the applicant: the ‘*Cour d’appel*’ or ‘*hof van beroep*’,
− (b) as regards appeal by the applicant: the ‘*Cour d'appel*’ or ‘*hof van beroep*’,
+ — in Bulgaria, the ‘*Апелативен съд – София*’,
− — in Bulgaria, the ‘*Апелативен съд — София*’,
+ — in the Czech Republic, the court of appeal through the district court,
− — in the Czech Republic, the ‘*okresní soud*’,
+ — in Germany, the ‘*Oberlandesgericht*’,
− — in the Federal Republic of Germany, the ‘*Oberlandesgericht*’,
+ — in Greece the ‘*Εφετείο*’,
− — in Greece, the ‘*Εφετείο*’,
+ — in Spain, the ‘*Juzgado de Primera Instancia*’ which issued the contested decision, with the appeal to be solved by the ‘*Audiencia Provincial*’,
− — in Spain, the ‘*Audiencia Provincial*’,
+ (a) the ‘*cour d’appel*’ on decisions allowing the application;
− (a) the ‘*cour d’appel*’ on decisions allowing the application,
+ 
+ — in Ireland, the ‘*High Court*’,
+ — in Iceland, the ‘*heradsdomur*’,
− — in Ireland, the High Court,
+ — in Italy, the ‘*corte d’appello*’,
− — in Italy, the ‘*corte d'appello*’,
+ — in Latvia, the ‘*Apgabaltiesa*’ via the ‘*rajona (pilsētas) tiesa*’,
− — in Latvia, the ‘*Apgabaltiesa*’,
+ — in Luxembourg, the ‘*Cour supérieure de justice*’ sitting as a court of civil appeal,
− — in Luxembourg, the ‘*Cour supérieure de Justice*’ sitting as a court of civil appeal,
+ — in Hungary, the local court situated at the seat of the county court (in Budapest, the Central District Court of Buda); the appeal is adjudicated by the county court (in Budapest, the Capital Court),
− — in Hungary, the ‘*megyei bíróság*’; in Budapest, the ‘*Fővárosi Bíróság*’,
+ — in Malta, the ‘*Qorti ta' l-Appell*’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeals in the ‘*Kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili – Kap.12*’ or in the case of a maintenance judgment by ‘*ċitazzjoni*’ before the ‘*Prim' Awla tal-Qorti ivili jew il-Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta' Għawdex f…
− — in Malta, the ‘*Qorti ta' l-Appell*’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeals in the Kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili - Kap.12 or in the case of a maintenance judgment by ‘*ċitazzjoni*’ before the ‘*Prim' Awla tal-Qorti ivili jew il-Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta' Għawdex fil-ġ…
+ — in the Netherlands,
− — in the Netherlands:
+ (a) for the defendant: the ‘*arrondissementsrechtbank*’;
− (a) for the defendant: the ‘*arrondissementsrechtbank*’,
+ — in Austria, the ‘*Landesgericht* via the *Bezirksgericht*’,
− — in Austria, the ‘*Bezirksgericht*’,
+ — in Poland, the ‘*sąd apelacyjny*’ via the ‘*sąd okręgowy*’,
− — in Poland, the ‘*Sąd Apelacyjny*’,
+ — in Portugal, the ‘*Tribunal da Relação*’ is the competent court. The appeals are launched, in accordance with the national law in force, by way of a request addressed to the court which issued the contested decision,
− — in Portugal, the ‘*Tribunal de Relação*’,
+ — in Slovakia, the court of appeal through the district court whose decision is being appealed,
− — in Slovakia, the ‘*okresný súd*’,
+ — in Finland, the ‘*hovioikeus/hovrätt*’,
− — in Finland, the ‘*hovioikeus*/*hovrätt*’,
+ (a) in England and Wales, the ‘*High Court of Justice*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Magistrates' Court*’;
− (a) in England and Wales, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrate's Court;
+ (b) in Scotland, the ‘*Court of Session*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Sheriff Court*’;
− (b) in Scotland, the Court of Session, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Sheriff Court;
+ (c) in Northern Ireland, the ‘*High Court of Justice*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Magistrates' Court*’;
− (c) in Northern Ireland, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrate's Court;
+ (d) in Gibraltar, the ‘*Supreme Court of Gibraltar*’, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the ‘*Magistrates' Court*’.
− (d) in Gibraltar, the Supreme Court of Gibraltar, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrates' Court.
+ The appeals which may be lodged pursuant to Article 44 are the following:
− The appeals which may be lodged pursuant to Article 44 are the following
+ — in Estonia, a ‘*kassatsioonikaebus*’,
− — in Estonia, a ‘*kassatsioonkaebus*’,
+ — in Iceland, an appeal to the ‘*Hæstiréttur*’,
+ 
+ — in Latvia, an appeal to the ‘*Augstākās tiesas Senāts*’ via the ‘*Apgabaltiesa*’,
− — in Latvia, an appeal to the ‘*Augstākā tiesa*’,
+ — in Malta, no further appeal lies to any other court; in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Qorti ta' l-Appell*’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeal in the ‘*kodiċi ta Organizzazzjoni u Procedura Ċivili – Kap. 12*’,
− — in Malta, no further appeal lies to any other court; in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Qorti ta' l-Appell*’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeal in the ‘*kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Procedura Ċivili - Kap. 12*’,
+ — in Poland, ‘*skarga kasacyjna*’,
− — in Poland, by an appeal in cassation to the ‘*Sąd Najwyższy*’,
+ — in Romania, a ‘*contestatie in anulare*’ or a ‘*revizuire*’,
− — in Romania, a ‘contestatie in anulare’ or a ‘revizuire’,
+ — in Finland, an appeal to the ‘*korkein oikeus/högsta domstolen*’,
− — in Finland, an appeal to the ‘*korkein oikeus*/*högsta domstolen*’,