What changed, Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition…

+ **Rules of jurisdiction referred to in Article 3 (2) and Article 4 (2)**
+ 
+ — in Bulgaria: Article 4, paragraph 1, point 2, of the Private International Law Code,
+ 
+ — in the Czech Republic: Act No 91/2012 on private international law, in particular, its Article 6,
+ 
+ — in Denmark: Article 246(2) and (3) of the Administration of Justice Act (*lov om rettens pleje*),
− **Rules of jurisdiction referred to in Articles 3(2) and 4(2)**
+ — in Germany: Article 23 of the code of civil procedure (*Zivilprozeßordnung*),
− | — | in Belgium : Articles 5 through 14 of the Law of 16 July 2004 on private international law, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Estonia: Article 86 (jurisdiction at the location of property) of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Tsiviilkohtumenetluse seadustik*), insofar as the claim is unrelated to that property of the person; Article 100 (claim for termination of application of standard terms) of the Code of Civil Procedur…
− | — | in Bulgaria : Article 4, paragraph 1, point 2, of the Private International Law Code, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Greece: Article 40 of the code of civil procedure (*Κώδικας Πολιτικής Δικονομίας*),
− | — | in the Czech Republic : Article 86 of Act No 99/1963 Coll., the Code of Civil Procedure (‘občanský soudní řád’), as amended, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in France: Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (*Code civil*),
− | — | in Denmark : Article 246(2) and (3) of the Administration of Justice Act (‘lov om rettens pleje’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Croatia: Article 54 of the Act on the Resolution of Conflicts of Laws with the Regulations of Other Countries in Specific Relations,
− | — | in Germany : Article 23 of the code of civil procedure (‘Zivilprozeßordnung’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Ireland: the rules which enable jurisdiction to be founded on the document instituting the proceedings having been served on the defendant during his temporary presence in Ireland,
− | — | in Estonia : Article 86 of the Code of Civil Procedure (‘tsiviilkohtumenetluse seadustik’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Italy: Articles 3 and 4 of Law 218 of 31 May 1995,
− | — | in Ireland : the rules which enable jurisdiction to be founded on the document instituting the proceedings having been served on the defendant during his temporary presence in Ireland, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Cyprus: section 21(2) of the Courts of Justice Law No 14 of 1960, as amended,
− | — | in Greece : Article 40 of the code of civil procedure (‘Κώδικας Πολιτικής Δικονομίας’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Latvia: section 27 and paragraphs 3, 5, 6 and 9 of section 28 of the Civil Procedure Law (*Civilprocesa likums*),
− | — | in France : Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (‘Code civil’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Lithuania: Articles 783(3), 787 and 789(3) of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Civilinio proceso kodeksas*),
− | — | in Croatia : Article 46(2) of the Act on Resolution of Conflicts of Law with Regulations of Other Countries in Certain Relations (Zakon o rješavanju sukoba zakona s propisima drugih zemalja u određenim odnosima) in relation to Article 47(2) of the Civil Procedure Act (Zakon o parničnom postupk…
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Luxembourg: Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (*Code civil*),
− | — | in Italy : Articles 3 and 4 of Law 218 of 31 May 1995, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Hungary: Article 57 of Law Decree No 13 of 1979 on International Private Law (*a nemzetközi magánjogról szóló 1979. évi 13. törvényerejű rendelet*),
− | — | in Cyprus : Section 21(2) of the Courts of Justice Law No 14 of 1960, as amended, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Malta: Articles 742, 743 and 744 of the Code of Organisation and Civil Procedure — Cap. 12 (*Kodiċi ta′ Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili* — *Kap*. 12) and Article 549 of the Commercial Code — Cap. 13 (*Kodiċi tal-kummerċ* — *Kap*. 13),
− | — | in Latvia : Section 27 and paragraphs 3, 5, 6 and 9 of Section 28 of the Civil Procedure Law (‘Civilprocesa likums’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Austria: Article 99 of the Law on court Jurisdiction (*Jurisdiktionsnorm*),
− | — | in Lithuania : Article 31 of the Code of Civil Procedure (‘Civilinio proceso kodeksas’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Poland: Article 11037 point 4 and Article 1110 of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Kodeks postępowania cywilnego*) in so far as the latter establishes jurisdiction exclusively on the basis of one of the following circumstances: the applicant is a Polish citizen or has their habitual residence, dom…
− | — | in Luxembourg : Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (‘Code civil’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Portugal: Article 63(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure (*Código de Processo Civil*) in so far as it may encompass exorbitant grounds of jurisdiction, such as the courts for the place in which the branch, agency or other establishment is situated (if situated in Portugal) when the central admini…
− | — | in Hungary : Article 57 of Law Decree No 13 of 1979 on International Private Law (‘a nemzetközi magánjogról szóló 1979. évi 13. törvényerejű rendelet’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Romania: Articles 1065-1081 under Title I ‘International jurisdiction of Romanian courts’ in Book VII ‘International civil procedure’ of Act No 134/2010 on the Code of Civil Procedure,
− | — | in Malta : Articles 742, 743 and 744 of the Code of Organisation and Civil Procedure – Chapter 12 (‘Kodiċi ta’ Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili – Kap. 12’) and Article 549 of the Commercial Code – Chapter 13 (‘Kodiċi tal-kummerċ – Kap. 13’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Slovenia: Article 48(2) of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (*Zakon o medarodnem zasebnem pravu in postopku*) in relation to Article 47(2) of Civil Procedure Act (*Zakon o pravdnem postopku*) and Article 58 of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (*Zakon o medarodnem z…
− | — | in Austria : Article 99 of the Law on Court Jurisdiction (‘Jurisdiktionsnorm’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Slovakia: Articles 37 to 37e of Act No 97/1963 on Private International Law and the Rules of Procedure relating thereto,
− | — | in Poland : Article 1103 point 4 and Article 1110 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego) in so far as the latter establish jurisdiction exclusively on the basis of one of the following circumstances: the applicant is a Polish citizen or has their habitual residence, do…
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Finland: paragraphs 1 and 2 of Section 18(1) of Chapter 10 of the Code of Judicial Procedure (*oikeudenkäymiskaari/rättegångsbalken*),
− | — | in Portugal : Article 65(1)(b) of the Code of Civil Procedure (‘Código de Processo Civil’) in so far as it may encompass exorbitant grounds of jurisdiction, such as the courts for the place in which the branch, agency or other establishment is situated (if situated in Portugal) when the centra…
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Sweden: the first sentence of the first paragraph of Section 3 of Chapter 10 of the Code of Judicial Procedure (*rättegångsbalken*),
− | — | in Romania : Articles 148-157 of Law No 105/1992 on Private International Law Relations, |
− | --- | --- |
+ — in the United Kingdom: the rules which enable jurisdiction to be founded on:
− | — | in Slovenia : Article 48(2) of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (‘Zakon o medarodnem zasebnem pravu in postopku’) in relation to Article 47(2) of the Civil Procedure Act (‘Zakon o pravdnem postopku’) and Article 58 of the Private International Law and Procedure Act (‘Zakon o med…
− | --- | --- |
+ —
− | — | in Slovakia : Articles 37 to 37e of Act No 97/1963 on Private International Law and the Rules of Procedure relating thereto, |
− | --- | --- |
+ (a) the document instituting the proceedings having been served on the defendant during his temporary presence in the United Kingdom; or
− | — | in Finland : paragraphs 1 and 2 of Section 18(1) of Chapter 10 of the Code of Judicial Procedure (‘oikeudenkäymiskaari/rättegångsbalken’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ (b) the presence within the United Kingdom of property belonging to the defendant; or
− | — | in Sweden : the first sentence of the first paragraph of Section 3 of Chapter 10 of the Code of Judicial Procedure (‘rättegångsbalken’), |
− | --- | --- |
+ (c) the seizure by the plaintiff of property situated in the United Kingdom.
− | — | in the United Kingdom : the rules which enable jurisdiction to be founded on:(a) the document instituting the proceedings having been served on the defendant during his temporary presence in the United Kingdom; or(b) the presence within the United Kingdom of property belonging to the defendant…
− | --- | --- |
+ — in Belgium, the ‘*tribunal de première instance*’ or ‘*rechtbank van eerste aanleg*’ or ‘*erstinstanzliches Gericht*’
− — in Belgium, the ‘tribunal de première instance’ or ‘rechtbank van eerste aanleg’ or ‘erstinstanzliches Gericht’,
+ — in Bulgaria, the ‘*окръжния съд*’,
− — in Bulgaria, the ‘окръжният съд’,
+ — in the Czech Republic, the ‘*okresní soudy*’,
− — in the Czech Republic, the ‘okresní soud’ or ‘soudní exekutor’,
+ — in Denmark, the ‘*byret*’,
− — in Denmark, the ‘byret’,
+ — in Germany,
− — in Germany:
+ (a) the presiding judge of a chamber of the ‘*Landgericht*’,
− (a) the presiding judge of a chamber of the ‘Landgericht’;
+ — in Estonia, the ‘*maakohus*’ (county court),
− — in Estonia, the ‘maakohus’ (county court),
+ — in Greece, the ‘*Μονομελές Πρωτοδικείο*’,
− — in Ireland, the ‘High Court’,
+ — in Spain, the ‘*Juzgado de Primera Instancia*’,
− — in Greece, the ‘Μονομελές Πρωτοδικείο’,
− — in Spain, the ‘Juzgado de Primera Instancia’,
− 
+ 
+ (a) the ‘greffier en chef du tribunal de grande instance’,
+ (b) the ‘*président de la chambre départementale des notaires*’ in the case of application for a declaration of enforceability of a notarial authentic instrument,
− (a) the ‘greffier en chef du tribunal de grande instance’;
+ — in Croatia, the ‘*općinski sudovi*’ in civil matters, the ‘*Općinski građanski sud u Zagrebu*’ and the ‘*trgovački sudovi*’ in commercial matters,
− (b) the ‘président de la chambre départementale des notaires’ in the case of application for a declaration of enforceability of a notarial authentic instrument,
+ — in Ireland, the High Court,
− — in Croatia, the ‘općinski sud’ in civil matters and the ‘trgovački sud’ in commercial matters,
+ — in Italy, the ‘*corte d'appello*’,
− — in Italy, the ‘corte d’appello’,
+ — in Cyprus, the ‘*Επαρχιακό Δικαστήριο*’ or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Οικογενειακό Δικαστήριο*’,
− — in Cyprus, the ‘Επαρχιακό Δικαστήριο’ or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘Οικογενειακό Δικαστήριο’,
+ — in Latvia, the ‘*rajona (pilsētas) tiesa*’,
− — in Latvia, the ‘rajona (pilsētas) tiesa’,
+ — in Lithuania, the ‘*Lietuvos apeliacinis teismas*’,
− — in Lithuania, the ‘Lietuvos apeliacinis teismas’,
+ — in Luxembourg, the presiding judge of the ‘*tribunal d'arrondissement*’,
− — in Luxembourg, the presiding judge of the ‘tribunal d’arrondissement’,
+ — in Hungary, the ‘*törvényszék székhelyén működő járásbíróság*’, and in Budapest the ‘*Budai Központi Kerületi Bíróság*’,
− — in Hungary, the ‘megyei bíróság székhelyén működő helyi bíróság’, and in Budapest the ‘Budai Központi Kerületi Bíróság’,
+ — in Malta, the ‘*Prim' Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili*’ or ‘*Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta' Għawdex fil-ġurisdizzjoni superjuri tagħha*’, or, in the case of a maintenance judgment, the ‘*Reġistratur tal-Qorti*’ on transmission by the ‘*Ministru responsabbli għall-Ġustizzja*’,
− — in Malta, the ‘Prim’ Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili’ or ‘Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta’ Għawdex fil-ġurisdizzjoni superjuri tagħha’, or, in the case of a maintenance judgment, the ‘Reġistratur tal-Qorti’ on transmission by the ‘Ministru responsabbli għall-Ġustizzja’,
+ — in the Netherlands, the ‘*voorzieningenrechter van de rechtbank*’,
− — in the Netherlands, the ‘voorzieningenrechter van de rechtbank’,
+ — in Austria, the ‘*Bezirksgericht*’,
− — in Austria, the ‘Bezirksgericht’,
+ — in Poland, the ‘*sąd okręgowy*’,
− — in Poland, the ‘sąd okręgowy’,
+ — in Portugal, the ‘*Tribunal de Comarca*’,
− — in Portugal, the ‘Tribunal de Comarca’,
+ — in Romania, the ‘*Tribunal*’,
− — in Romania, the ‘Tribunal’,
+ — in Slovenia, the ‘*okrožno sodišče*’,
− — in Slovenia, the ‘okrožno sodišče’,
+ — in Slovakia, ‘*okresný súd*’,
− — in Slovakia, ‘okresný súd’,
+ — in Finland, the ‘*käräjäoikeus/tingsrätt*’,
− — in Finland, the ‘käräjäoikeus/tingsrätt’,
+ — in Sweden, the ‘*Svea hovrätt*’,
− — in Sweden, the ‘Svea hovrätt’,
+ (a) in England and Wales, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Family Court on transmission by the Secretary of State;
− (a) in England and Wales, the *High Court of Justice*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment to the *Magistrates’ Court* on transmission by the Secretary of State;
+ (b) in Scotland, the Court of Session, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Sheriff Court on transmission by the Scottish Ministers;
− (b) in Scotland, the *Court of Session*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the *Sheriff Court* on transmission by the Scottish Ministers;
+ (c) in Northern Ireland, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrates' Court on transmission by the Department of Justice;
− (c) in Northern Ireland, the *High Court of Justice*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the *Magistrates’ Court* on transmission by the Department of Justice;
+ (d) in Gibraltar, the Supreme Court of Gibraltar, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrates' Court on transmission by the Attorney General of Gibraltar.
− (d) in Gibraltar, the *Supreme Court of Gibraltar*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the *Magistrates’ Court* on transmission by the Attorney General of Gibraltar.
+ The courts with which appeals referred to in Article 43 (2) may be lodged are the following:
− The courts with which appeals referred to in Article 43(2) may be lodged are the following:
+ (a) as regards appeal by the defendant, the ‘*tribunal de première instance*’ or ‘*rechtbank van eerste aanleg*’ or ‘*erstinstanzliche Gericht*’,
− (a) as regards appeal by the defendant, the ‘tribunal de première instance’ or ‘rechtbank van eerste aanleg’ or ‘erstinstanzliches Gericht’;
+ (b) as regards appeal by the applicant, the ‘*Cour d'appel*’ or ‘*hof van beroep*’,
− (b) as regards appeal by the applicant: the ‘Cour d’appel’ or ‘hof van beroep’,
+ — in Bulgaria, the ‘*Апелативен съд* — *София*’,
− — in Bulgaria, the ‘Апелативен съд – София’,
+ — in the Czech Republic, the ‘*okresní soudy*’,
− — in the Czech Republic, the court of appeal through the district court,
+ — in Denmark, the ‘*landsret*’,
− — in Denmark, the ‘landsret’,
+ — in Germany, the ‘*Oberlandesgericht*’,
− — in Germany, the ‘Oberlandesgericht’,
+ — in Estonia, the ‘*ringkonnakohus*’,
− — in Estonia, the ‘ringkonnakohus’,
+ — in Greece the ‘*Εφετείο*’,
− — in Ireland, the High Court,
+ — in Spain, the ‘*Juzgado de Primera Instancia*’ which issued the contested decision, with the appeal to be solved by the ‘*Audiencia Provincial*’,
− — in Greece, the ‘Εφετείο’,
− 
− — in Spain, the ‘Juzgado de Primera Instancia’ which issued the contested decision, with the appeal to be solved by the ‘Audiencia Provincial’,
+ (a) the ‘*cour d'appel*’ on decisions allowing the application,
+ 
+ (b) the presiding judge of the ‘*tribunal de grande instance*’, on decisions rejecting the application,
− (a) the ‘cour d’appel’ on decisions allowing the application;
+ — in Croatia, ‘*županijski sud*’ through ‘*općinski sud*’ in civil matters and ‘*Visoki trgovački sud Republike Hrvatske*’ through ‘*trgovački sud*’ in commercial matters,
− (b) the presiding judge of the ‘tribunal de grande instance’, on decisions rejecting the application,
+ — in Ireland, the High Court,
− — in Croatia, the ‘općinski sud’ in civil matters and the ‘trgovački sud’ in commercial matters,
+ — in Italy, the ‘*corte d'appello*’,
− — in Italy, the ‘corte d’appello’,
+ — in Cyprus, the ‘*Επαρχιακό Δικαστήριο*’ or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Οικογενειακό Δικαστήριο*’,
− — in Cyprus, the ‘Επαρχιακό Δικαστήριο’ or in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘Οικογενειακό Δικαστήριο’,
+ — in Latvia, the ‘*apgabaltiesa*’ via the ‘*rajona (pilsētas) tiesa*’,
− — in Latvia, the ‘Apgabaltiesa’ via the ‘rajona (pilsētas) tiesa’,
+ — in Lithuania, the ‘*Lietuvos apeliacinis teismas*’,
− — in Lithuania, the ‘Lietuvos apeliacinis teismas’,
+ — in Luxembourg, the ‘*Cour supérieure de justice*’ sitting as a court of civil appeal,
− — in Luxembourg, the ‘Cour supérieure de justice’ sitting as a court of civil appeal,
+ — in Hungary, the ‘*törvényszék székhelyén működő járásbíróság*’ (in Budapest, the ‘*Budai Központi Kerületi Bíróság*’); the appeal is adjudicated by the ‘*törvényszék*’ (in Budapest, the ‘*Fővárosi Törvényszék*’),
− — in Hungary, the local court situated at the seat of the county court (in Budapest, the Central District Court of Buda); the appeal is adjudicated by the county court (in Budapest, the Capital Court),
+ — in Malta, the ‘*Qorti tal-Appell*’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeals in the *Kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili* — *Kap*.12 or in the case of a maintenance judgment by ‘*ċitazzjoni*’ before the ‘*Prim' Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili jew il-Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta' Għawdex fi…
− — in Malta, the ‘Qorti ta’ l-Appell’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeals in the ‘Kodiċi ta’ Organizzazzjoni u Proċedura Ċivili – Kap. 12’ or in the case of a maintenance judgment by ‘ċitazzjoni’ before the ‘Prim’ Awla tal-Qorti ivili jew il-Qorti tal-Maġistrati ta’ Għawdex fil-ġur…
+ — in the Netherlands, the ‘*rechtbank*’,
− — in the Netherlands, the ‘rechtbank’,
+ — in Austria, the ‘*Landesgericht*’ via the ‘*Bezirksgericht*’,
− — in Austria, the ‘Landesgericht’ via the ‘Bezirksgericht’,
+ — in Poland, the ‘*sąd apelacyjny*’ via the ‘*sąd okręgowy*’,
− — in Poland, the ‘sąd apelacyjny’ via the ‘sąd okręgowy’,
+ — in Portugal, the ‘*Tribunal da Relação*’ is the competent court. The appeals are launched, in accordance with the national law in force, by way of a request addressed to the court which issued the contested decision,
− — in Portugal, the ‘Tribunal da Relação’ is the competent court. The appeals are launched, in accordance with the national law in force, by way of a request addressed to the court which issued the contested decision,
+ — in Romania, the ‘*Curte de Apel*’,
− — in Romania, the ‘Curte de Apel’,
+ — in Slovenia, the ‘*okrožno sodišče*’,
− — in Slovenia, the ‘okrožno sodišče’,
+ — in Finland, the ‘*hovioikeus/hovrätt*’,
− — in Finland, the ‘hovioikeus/hovrätt’,
+ — in Sweden, the ‘*Svea hovrätt*’,
− — in Sweden, the ‘Svea hovrätt’,
+ (a) in England and Wales, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Family Court;
− (a) in England and Wales, the *High Court of Justice*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment the *Magistrates’ Court*;
+ (b) in Scotland, the Court of Session, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Sheriff Court;
− (b) in Scotland, the *Court of Session*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment the *Sheriff Court*;
+ (c) in Northern Ireland, the High Court of Justice, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrates' Court;
− (c) in Northern Ireland, the *High Court of Justice*, or in the case of a maintenance judgment, the *Magistrates’ Court*;
+ (d) in Gibraltar, the Supreme Court of Gibraltar, of in the case of a maintenance judgment, the Magistrates' Court.
− (d) in Gibraltar, the *Supreme Court of Gibraltar*, of in the case of a maintenance judgment, the *Magistrates’ Court*.
+ — in Bulgaria, ‘*обжалване пред Върховния касационен съд*’,
− — in Bulgaria, ‘обжалване пред Върховния касационен съд’,
+ — in the Czech Republic, appellate review (‘*dovolání*’), action to re-open proceedings (‘*žaloba na obnovu řízení*’) and action in annulment (‘*žaloba pro zmatečnost*’),
− — in the Czech Republic, a ‘dovolání’ and a ‘žaloba pro zmatečnost’,
+ — in Denmark, an appeal to the ‘*Højesteret*’ with leave from the ‘*Procesbevillingsnævnet*’,
− — in Denmark, an appeal to the ‘Højesteret’ with leave from the ‘Procesbevillingsnævnet’,
+ — in Germany, a ‘*Rechtsbeschwerde*’,
− — in Germany, a ‘Rechtsbeschwerde’,
+ — in Estonia, a ‘*kassatsioonikaebus*’,
− — in Estonia, a ‘kassatsioonikaebus’,
+ — in Croatia, an appeal to the ‘*Vrhovni sud Republike Hrvatske*’,
− — in Croatia, an appeal to the ‘Vrhovni sud Republike Hrvatske’,
+ — in Latvia, an appeal in cassation to the ‘*Augstākās tiesas Senātā*’ via the ‘*apgabaltiesā*’,
− — in Latvia, by an appeal in cassation to the ‘Augstākās tiesas Senātā’ via the ‘Apgabaltiesā’,
+ — in Lithuania, an appeal in cassation to the ‘*Lietuvos Aukščiausiasis Teismas*’,
− — in Lithuania, an appeal in cassation to the ‘Lietuvos Aukščiausiasis Teismas’,
+ — in Hungary, ‘*felülvizsgálati kérelem*’,
− — in Hungary, ‘felülvizsgálati kérelem’,
+ — in Malta, no further appeal lies to any other court; in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘*Qorti tal-Appell*’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeal in the ‘*kodiċi ta' Organizzazzjoni u Procedura Ċivili* — *Kap. 12*’,
− — in Malta, no further appeal lies to any other court; in the case of a maintenance judgment the ‘Qorti ta’ l-Appell’ in accordance with the procedure laid down for appeal in the ‘kodiċi ta’ Organizzazzjoni u Procedura Ċivili – Kap. 12’,
+ — in Austria, a ‘*Revisionsrekurs*’,
− — in Austria, a ‘Revisionsrekurs’,
+ — in Poland, ‘*skarga kasacyjna*’,
− — in Poland, ‘skarga kasacyjna’,
+ — in Romania, a ‘*recursul*’,
− — in Romania, a ‘contestatie in anulare’ or a ‘revizuire’,
+ — in Slovenia, an appeal to the ‘*Vrhovno sodišče Republike Slovenije*’,
− — in Slovenia, an appeal to the ‘Vrhovno sodišče Republike Slovenije’,
+ — in Slovakia, the ‘*dovolanie*’,
− — in Slovakia, the ‘dovolanie’,
+ — in Finland, an appeal to the ‘*korkein oikeus/högsta domstolen*’,
− — in Finland, an appeal to the ‘korkein oikeus/högsta domstolen’,
+ — in Sweden, an appeal to the ‘*Högsta domstolen*’,
− — in Sweden, an appeal to the ‘Högsta domstolen’,