What changed, Directive 2012/27/EU

+ The comprehensive assessment of national heating and cooling potentials referred to in Article 14(1) shall include and be based on the following:
− 1. The comprehensive assessment of national heating and cooling potentials referred to in Article 14(1) shall include:
+ **Part I**
− (a) a description of heating and cooling demand;
+ **OVERVIEW OF HEATING AND COOLING**
− (b) a forecast of how this demand will change in the next 10 years, taking into account in particular the evolution of demand in buildings and the different sectors of industry;
+ | 1. | heating and cooling demand in terms of assessed useful energy (20) and quantified final energy consumption in GWh per year (21) by sectors:(a) residential;(b) services;(c) industry;(d) any other sector that individually consumes more than 5 % of total national useful heating and cooling deman…
+ | --- | --- |
− (c) a map of the national territory, identifying, while preserving commercially sensitive information:
+ | 2. | identification, or in the case of point 2(a)(i), identification or estimation, of current heating and cooling supply:(a) by technology, in GWh per year (22), within sectors mentioned under point 1 where possible, distinguishing between energy derived from fossil and renewable sources:(i) prov…
+ | --- | --- |
− (i) heating and cooling demand points, including:
+ | 3. | a map covering the entire national territory identifying (while preserving commercially sensitive information):(a) heating and cooling demand areas following from the analysis of point 1, while using consistent criteria for focusing on energy dense areas in municipalities and conurbations;(b)…
+ | --- | --- |
− — municipalities and conurbations with a plot ratio of at least 0,3, and
+ | 4. | a forecast of trends in the demand for heating and cooling to maintain a perspective of the next 30 years in GWh and taking into account in particular projections for the next 10 years, the change in demand in buildings and different sectors of the industry, and the impact of policies and str…
+ | --- | --- |
− — industrial zones with a total annual heating and cooling consumption of more than 20 GWh;
+ **Part II**
− (ii) existing and planned district heating and cooling infrastructure;
+ **OBJECTIVES, STRATEGIES AND POLICY MEASURES**
− (iii) potential heating and cooling supply points, including:
+ | 5. | planned contribution of the Member State to its national objectives, targets and contributions for the five dimensions of the energy union, as laid out in Article 3(2)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, delivered through efficiency in heating and cooling, in particular related to points 1 to 4 …
+ | --- | --- |
− — electricity generation installations with a total annual electricity production of more than 20 GWh, and
+ | 6. | general overview of the existing policies and measures as described in the most recent report submitted in accordance with Articles 3, 20, 21 and 27(a) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999; |
+ | --- | --- |
− — waste incineration plants,
+ **Part III**
− — existing and planned cogeneration installations using technologies referred to in Part II of Annex I, and district heating installations;
+ **ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL FOR EFFICIENCY IN HEATING AND COOLING**
− (d) identification of the heating and cooling demand that could be satisfied by high-efficiency cogeneration, including residential micro-cogeneration, and by district heating and cooling;
+ | 7. | an analysis of the economic potential (24) of different technologies for heating and cooling shall be carried out for the entire national territory by using the cost-benefit analysis referred to in Article 14(3) and shall identify alternative scenarios for more efficient and renewable heating…
+ | --- | --- |
− (e) identification of the potential for additional high-efficiency cogeneration, including from the refurbishment of existing and the construction of new generation and industrial installations or other facilities generating waste heat;
+ | 8. | this analysis of economic potential shall include the following steps and considerations:(a) Considerations:(i) the cost-benefit analysis for the purposes of Article 14(3) shall include an economic analysis that takes into consideration socioeconomic and environmental factors (25), and a fina…
+ | --- | --- |
− (f) identification of energy efficiency potentials of district heating and cooling infrastructure;
+ **Part IV**
− (g) strategies, policies and measures that may be adopted up to 2020 and up to 2030 to realise the potential in point (e) in order to meet the demand in point (d), including, where appropriate, proposals to:
+ **POTENTIAL NEW STRATEGIES AND POLICY MEASURES**
− (i) increase the share of cogeneration in heating and cooling production and in electricity production;
− 
− (ii) develop efficient district heating and cooling infrastructure to accommodate the development of high-efficiency cogeneration and the use of heating and cooling from waste heat and renewable energy sources;
+ | 9. | overview of new legislative and non-legislative policy measures (27) to realise the economic potential identified in accordance with points 7 and 8, along with their foreseen:(a) greenhouse gas emission reductions;(b) primary energy savings in GWh per year;(c) impact on the share of high-effi…
+ | --- | --- |
− (iii) encourage new thermal electricity generation installations and industrial plants producing waste heat to be located in sites where a maximum amount of the available waste heat will be recovered to meet existing or forecasted heat and cooling demand;
− 
− (iv) encourage new residential zones or new industrial plants which consume heat in their production processes to be located where available waste heat, as identified in the comprehensive assessment, can contribute to meeting their heat and cooling demands. This could include proposals that support …
− 
− (v) encourage thermal electricity generating installations, industrial plants producing waste heat, waste incineration plants and other waste-to-energy plants to be connected to the local district heating or cooling network;
− 
− (vi) encourage residential zones and industrial plants which consume heat in their production processes to be connected to the local district heating or cooling network;
− 
− (h) the share of high-efficiency cogeneration and the potential established and progress achieved under Directive 2004/8/EC;
− 
− (i) an estimate of the primary energy to be saved;
− (j) an estimate of public support measures to heating and cooling, if any, with the annual budget and identification of the potential aid element. This does not prejudge a separate notification of the public support schemes for a State aid assessment.
− 
− 2. To the extent appropriate, the comprehensive assessment may be made up of an assembly of regional or local plans and strategies.
− 
− 
− **Part 1**
− *General principles of the cost-benefit analysis*
− 
− The purpose of preparing cost-benefit analyses in relation to measures for promoting efficiency in heating and cooling as referred to in Article 14(3) is to provide a decision base for qualified prioritisation of limited resources at society level.
− 
− The cost-benefit analysis may either cover a project assessment or a group of projects for a broader local, regional or national assessment in order to establish the most cost-effective and beneficial heating or cooling option for a given geographical area for the purpose of heat planning.
− 
− Cost-benefit analyses for the purposes of Article 14(3) shall include an economic analysis covering socio-economic and environmental factors.
− 
− The cost-benefit analyses shall include the following steps and considerations:
− 
− (a) Establishing a system boundary and geographical boundary
− 
− The scope of the cost-benefit analyses in question determines the relevant energy system. The geographical boundary shall cover a suitable well-defined geographical area, e.g. a given region or metropolitan area, to avoid selecting sub-optimised solutions on a project by project basis.
− 
− (b) Integrated approach to demand and supply options
− 
− The cost-benefit analysis shall take into account all relevant supply resources available within the system and geographical boundary, using the data available, including waste heat from electricity generation and industrial installations and renewable energy, and the characteristics of, and trends …
− 
− (c) Constructing a baseline
− 
− The purpose of the baseline is to serve as a reference point, to which the alternative scenarios are evaluated.
− 
− (d) Identifying alternative scenarios
− 
− All relevant alternatives to the baseline shall be considered. Scenarios that are not feasible due to technical reasons, financial reasons, national regulation or time constraints may be excluded at an early stage of the cost-benefit analysis if justified based on careful, explicit and well-document…
− 
− Only high-efficiency cogeneration, efficient district heating and cooling or efficient individual heating and cooling supply options should be taken into account in the cost-benefit analysis as alternative scenarios compared to the baseline.
− 
− (e) Method for the calculation of cost-benefit surplus
− 
− (i) The total long-term costs and benefits of heat or cooling supply options shall be assessed and compared.
− 
− (ii) The criterion for evaluation shall be the net present value (NPV) criterion.
− 
− (iii) The time horizon shall be chosen such that all relevant costs and benefits of the scenarios are included. For example, for a gas-fired power plant an appropriate time horizon could be 25 years, for a district heating system, 30 years, or for heating equipment such as boilers 20 years.
− 
− (f) Calculation and forecast of prices and other assumptions for the economic analysis
− 
− (i) Member States shall provide assumptions, for the purpose of the cost-benefit analyses, on the prices of major input and output factors and the discount rate.
− 
− (ii) The discount rate used in the economic analysis for the calculation of net present value shall be chosen according to European or national guidelines (20).
− 
− (iii) Member States shall use national, European or international energy price development forecasts if appropriate in their national and/or regional/local context.
− 
− (iv) The prices used in the economic analysis shall reflect the true socio economic costs and benefits and should include external costs, such as environmental and health effects, to the extent possible, i.e. when a market price exists or when it is already included in European or national regulatio…
− 
− (g) Economic analysis: Inventory of effects
− 
− The economic analyses shall take into account all relevant economic effects.
− 
− Member States may assess, and take into account in their decision-making, costs and energy savings from the increased flexibility in energy supply and from a more optimal operation of the electricity networks, including avoided costs and savings from reduced infrastructure investment, in the analyse…
− 
− The costs and benefits referred to in the first paragraph shall include at least the following:
− 
− (i) Benefits
− 
− — Value of output to the consumer (heat and electricity)
− 
− — External benefits such as environmental, greenhouse gas emissions and health and safety benefits, to the extent possible
− 
− — Labour market effects, energy security and competitiveness, to the extent possible;
− 
− (ii) Costs
− 
− — Capital costs of plants and equipment
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− — Capital costs of the associated energy networks
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− — Variable and fixed operating costs
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− — Energy costs
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− — Environmental, health and safety costs, to the extent possible
− 
− — Labour market costs, energy security and competitiveness, to the extent possible.
− 
− (h) Sensitivity analysis:
− 
− A sensitivity analysis shall be included to assess the costs and benefits of a project or group of projects based on different energy prices, discount rates and other variable factors having a significant impact on the outcome of the calculations.
− 
− The Member States shall designate the competent authorities responsible for carrying out the cost-benefit analyses under Article 14. Member States may require competent local, regional and national authorities or operators of individual installations to carry out the economic and financial analysis.…
− 
+ (a) an estimate of following indicators in the year before last (year X (28) - 2):
− (a) an estimate of following indicators in the year before last (year X (21) - 2):
+ The first and second National Energy Efficiency Action Plans shall also include the measurement and/or calculation methodology used for calculating the energy savings. If the ‘recommended methodology’ (29) is applied, the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan should provide references to this.
− The first and second National Energy Efficiency Action Plans shall also include the measurement and/or calculation methodology used for calculating the energy savings. If the ‘recommended methodology’ (22) is applied, the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan should provide references to this.
+ (20) The amount of thermal energy needed to satisfy the heating and cooling demand of end-users.
+ 
+ (21) The most recent data available should be used.
+ 
+ (22) The most recent data available should be used.
+ 
+ (23) The identification of ‘renewable cooling’ shall, after the methodology for calculating the quantity of renewable energy used for cooling and district cooling is established in accordance with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, be carried out in accordance with that Directive. Until then it…
+ 
+ (24) The analysis of the economic potential should present the volume of energy (in GWh) that can be generated per year by each technology analysed. The limitations and interrelations within the energy system should also be taken into account. The analysis may make use of models based on assumptions…
+ 
+ (25) Including the assessment referred to in Article 15, paragraph 7 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001.
+ 
+ (26) The cut-off date for taking into account policies for the baseline scenario is the end of the year preceding to the year by the end of which the comprehensive assessment is due. That is to say, policies enacted within a year prior to the deadline for submission of the comprehensive assessment d…
− (20) The national discount rate chosen for the purpose of economic analysis should take into account data provided by the European Central Bank.
+ (27) This overview shall include financing measures and programmes that may be adopted over the period of the comprehensive assessment, not prejudging a separate notification of the public support schemes for a State aid assessment,
+ 
+ (28) X = current year.
− (21) X = current year.
+ (29) Recommendations on Measurement and Verification Methods in the framework of the Directive 2006/32/EC on Energy End-Use Efficiency and Energy Services.
− (22) Recommendations on Measurement and Verification Methods in the framework of the Directive 2006/32/EC on Energy End-Use Efficiency and Energy Services.